There are also lens adapters that allow a lens for one lens mounts to be used on a camera body with a different lens mount but with often reduced functionality. A photographer will often use lenses made by the same manufacturer as the camera body (for example, Canon EF lenses on a Canon body) although there are also many independent lens manufacturers, such as Sigma, Tamron, Tokina, and Vivitar that make lenses for a variety of different lens mounts.
Interchangeable lenses for SLRs and DSLRs are built to operate correctly with a specific lens mount that is generally unique to each brand. The ability to exchange lenses, to select the best lens for the current photographic need, and to allow the attachment of specialised lenses, is one of the key factors in the popularity of DSLR cameras, although this feature is not unique to the DSLR design and mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras are becoming increasingly popular. Main articles: Photographic lens and Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras Canon EF-S 18-135mm APS-C zoom lens However, these different settings and shooting styles that "scene" mode provides can be achieved by calibrating certain settings on the camera. They often include landscape, portrait, action, macro, night, and silhouette, among others. Scene modes vary from camera to camera, and these modes are inherently less customizable.
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Sometimes called a "PASM" dial, they typically provide modes such as program, aperture-priority, shutter-priority, and full manual modes. However, with the introduction of the focal-plane phase detect autofocusing in mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras by Sony, Fuji, Olympus, and Panasonic, cameras can now employ both phase detect and contrast-detect AF points.įeatures commonly seen in DSLR designs Mode dial ĭigital SLR cameras, along with most other digital cameras, generally have a mode dial to access standard camera settings or automatic scene-mode settings. As the phase sensor requires the same light going to the image sensor, it was previously only possible with an SLR design. Phase-detection autofocus is typically faster than other passive techniques. This method allows the optimal lens position to be calculated, rather than "found", as would be the case with autofocus based on contrast maximisation.
Essential parts of all digital cameras are some electronics like amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, image processor and other microprocessors for processing the digital image, performing data storage and/or driving an electronic display.ĭSLRs typically use autofocus based on phase detection. To take an image, the mirror swings upwards in the direction of the arrow, the focal-plane shutter (3) opens, and the image is projected and captured on the image sensor (4), after which actions, the shutter closes, the mirror returns to the 45-degree angle, and the built-in drive mechanism re-tensions the shutter for the next exposure.Ĭompared with the newer concept of mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras, this mirror/prism system is the characteristic difference providing direct, accurate optical preview with separate autofocus and exposure metering sensors. Most of the entry-level DSLRs use a pentamirror instead of the traditional pentaprism.įocusing can be manual, by twisting the focus on the lens or automatic, activated by pressing half-way on the shutter release or a dedicated auto-focus (AF) button. A movable mechanical mirror system (2) is switched down (to precisely a 45-degree angle) to direct light from the lens over a matte focusing screen (5) via a condenser lens (6) and a pentaprism/ pentamirror (7) to an optical viewfinder eyepiece (8). Like SLRs, DSLRs typically use interchangeable lenses (1) with a proprietary lens mount. Major camera manufacturers began to transition their product lines away from DSLR cameras to mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras (MILCs) beginning in the 2010s. The viewfinder of a DSLR presents an image that will not differ substantially from what is captured by the camera's sensor as it presents it as a direct optical view through the main camera lens, rather than showing an image through a separate secondary lens.ĭSLRs largely replaced film-based SLRs during the 2000s. In the reflex design, light travels through the lens and then to a mirror that alternates to send the image to either a prism, which shows the image in the optical viewfinder, or the image sensor when the shutter release button is pressed. The reflex design scheme is the primary difference between a DSLR and other digital cameras. A digital single-lens reflex camera ( digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a solid-state image sensor and digitally records the images from the sensor.
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